Medical Nutrition Matters: Spring 2022 Volume 41, No. 4

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Article: Implications of Solid vs. Liquid Calories in Gastroparesis due to Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that is often accompanied by a variety of gastrointestinal complications. One commonly seen complication is gastroparesis, which may cause individuals to experience feelings of satiety earlier, resulting in decreased appetite and possible malnutrition. Finding strategies to reduce feelings of satiety in PD patients may help prevent or reduce excess weight loss that can lead to other adverse health effects. Among these strategies is increasing the proportion of energy that patients consume from liquids. However, a more comprehensive understanding of differences in the satiating capacity of solids compared to liquids, and the underlying mechanisms, may allow Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) to better adapt their recommendations to meet the needs of PD patients. Solids and liquids, with the important exception of soup, differ in oral processing, gastric distension, and gastric emptying rate, all of which may contribute to solids generally being more filling than liquids. These concepts are used to inform recommendations outlined in this article.

CPEU: 1.5
CPE Level: 2
Performance Indicators: 10.1.2, 8.1.1, 8.2.3

Learning Objectives

1. Discuss the difference between solid and liquid calories in regard to oral and gastric processes.
2. Discuss the complexity of managing nutrition in patients with Parkinson’s Disease and gastroparesis.
3. Discuss the benefits of liquid calories for patients with Parkinson’s Disease and gastroparesis.

Article: The Relationship Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Psychiatric Comorbidities

This review focuses on the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psychiatric comorbidity, including eating disorders, and highlights the bidirectional relationship between psychiatric disorders and IBD. Psychosocial factors and untreated mental health conditions can significantly worsen IBD course, necessitating treatment for optimal management and quality of life. Effective and evidence-based treatments for psychiatric distress in IBD populations are discussed, including cognitive behavioral therapy, gut-directed hypnosis, and mindfulness-based therapies, as well as pharmacological treatments including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Integrated care teams comprised of medical and behavioral providers offer the highest quality of patient-centered care, and resources to connect patients to behavioral care are also provided.

CPEU: 1
CPE Level: 1
Performance Indicators: 1.1.8, 8.2.1, 9.6.1

Learning Objectives

1. Collaborates with others, seeks counsel and makes referrals as needed.
2. Engages in educational activities to maintain knowledge and to obtain new knowledge of diseases and clinical conditions.
3. Assesses client/patient nutritional needs and appropriateness of the counseling.

Publish 2022
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